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Abstract
Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2025 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana mengakui hak korban untuk menyampaikan Victim Impact Statement (VIS) dalam Pasal 144 huruf x. Pengakuan ini memperkuat orientasi peradilan pidana yang berpusat pada korban, tetapi normanya masih deklaratif karena belum mengatur definisi, subjek, bentuk, waktu penyampaian, pendampingan, kewajiban hakim, dan hubungan VIS dengan pemulihan korban. Penelitian ini menganalisis urgensi reformulasi VIS dan merumuskan desain pengaturan yang operasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa VIS harus diposisikan sebagai hak prosedural sekaligus instrumen pengakuan, partisipasi, dan pemulihan korban.
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References
- Cruz, Peter de. Comparative Law in a Changing World. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2020.
- Hadjon, Philipus M. Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat Indonesia. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 1987.
- Hadjon, Philipus M., dan Tatiek Sri Djatmiati. Argumentasi Hukum. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 2020.
- Hall, Matthew. Victims of Crime: Policy and Practice in Criminal Justice. New York: Routledge, 2022.
- Honneth, Axel. The Struggle for Recognition. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995.
- Hutchinson, Terry. Researching and Writing in Law. 5th ed. Sydney: Thomson Reuters, 2021.
- Ibrahim, Johnny. Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing, 2019.
- Indrati, Maria Farida. Ilmu Perundang-Undangan. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2023.
- Karmen, Andrew. Crime Victims: An Introduction to Victimology. 10th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2024.
- Marshall, Tony F. Restorative Justice: An Overview. London: Home Office Research Development and Statistics Directorate, 1999.
- Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2021.
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- Batchelor, Diana. “Talking Punishment: How Victim Perceptions of Punishment Change When They Communicate with Offenders.” Punishment & Society Vol. 25, No. 2 (2023): 519-536.
- Cassell, Paul G., dan Edna Erez. “How Victim Impact Statements Promote Justice: Evidence from the Content of Statements Delivered in Larry Nassar’s Sentencing.” Marquette Law Review Vol. 107, No. 4 (2024): 861.
- Herman, dan Ufran. “Victim Impact Statement sebagai Instrumen Penguatan Hak Korban dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Vol. 5, No. 2 (2024): 175-189.
- Kragting, Marleen, Freya Augusteijn, Alice Bosma, Nieke Elbers, dan Antony Pemberton. “Victim Impact Statements in the Courtroom: Agency and Communion in Communication with Victims.” International Review of Victimology, OnlineFirst (2025). DOI: 10.1177/02697580251389013.
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- Lens, Kim M.E., Antony Pemberton, dan Stefan Bogaerts. “Heterogeneity in Victim Participation: A New Perspective on Delivering a Victim Impact Statement.” European Journal of Criminology Vol. 10, No. 4 (2013): 479-495.
- Lens, Kim M.E., Antony Pemberton, Karen Brans, Johan Braeken, Stefan Bogaerts, dan Esmah Lahlah. “Delivering a Victim Impact Statement: Emotionally Effective or Counter-Productive?” European Journal of Criminology Vol. 12, No. 1 (2015): 17-34.
- Mastrocinque, Jeanna M. “Victim Personal Statements: An Analysis of Notification and Utilization.” Criminology & Criminal Justice Vol. 14, No. 2 (2014): 216-234.
- Pemberton, Antony, Pauline G.M. Aarten, dan Eva Mulder. “Beyond Retribution, Restoration and Procedural Justice: The Big Two of Communion and Agency in Victims’ Perspectives on Justice.” Psychology, Crime & Law Vol. 23, No. 7 (2017): 682-698.
- Ramadianto, Anang Riyan, Milda Istiqomah, dan Nurini Aprilianda. “Victim Impact Statement as a Model of Victim-Centered Justice.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 32, No. 2 (2025): 337-360.
- Roberts, Julian V., dan Edna Erez. “Communication in Sentencing: Exploring the Expressive Function of Victim Impact Statements.” International Review of Victimology Vol. 10, No. 3 (2004): 223-244.
- Susetyo, Heru. “Pemenuhan dan Perlindungan Hak-Hak Prosedural Korban Terorisme atas Victim Impact Statements dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana.” The Southeast Asian Journal of Victimology Vol. 3, No. 1 (2024): 90-108.
- Walklate, Sandra, JaneMaree Maher, Jude McCulloch, Kate Fitz-Gibbon, dan Kara Beavis. “Victim Stories and Victim Policy: Is There a Case for a Narrative Victimology?” Crime, Media, Culture Vol. 15, No. 2 (2019): 199-215.
- Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
- Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2025 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana.
- Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia. Putusan Nomor 5642 K/Pid.Sus/2022.
- United Nations. Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. A/RES/40/34. New York: United Nations, 1985.
References
Cruz, Peter de. Comparative Law in a Changing World. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2020.
Hadjon, Philipus M. Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat Indonesia. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 1987.
Hadjon, Philipus M., dan Tatiek Sri Djatmiati. Argumentasi Hukum. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 2020.
Hall, Matthew. Victims of Crime: Policy and Practice in Criminal Justice. New York: Routledge, 2022.
Honneth, Axel. The Struggle for Recognition. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995.
Hutchinson, Terry. Researching and Writing in Law. 5th ed. Sydney: Thomson Reuters, 2021.
Ibrahim, Johnny. Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing, 2019.
Indrati, Maria Farida. Ilmu Perundang-Undangan. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2023.
Karmen, Andrew. Crime Victims: An Introduction to Victimology. 10th ed. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2024.
Marshall, Tony F. Restorative Justice: An Overview. London: Home Office Research Development and Statistics Directorate, 1999.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2021.
Soeharto, H. Perlindungan Hak Tersangka, Terdakwa, dan Korban Tindak Pidana dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia. Bandung: Refika Aditama, 2007.
Wemmers, Jo-Anne. Victims in the Criminal Justice System. Leiden: Brill, 2023.
Batchelor, Diana. “Talking Punishment: How Victim Perceptions of Punishment Change When They Communicate with Offenders.” Punishment & Society Vol. 25, No. 2 (2023): 519-536.
Cassell, Paul G., dan Edna Erez. “How Victim Impact Statements Promote Justice: Evidence from the Content of Statements Delivered in Larry Nassar’s Sentencing.” Marquette Law Review Vol. 107, No. 4 (2024): 861.
Herman, dan Ufran. “Victim Impact Statement sebagai Instrumen Penguatan Hak Korban dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia.” Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Vol. 5, No. 2 (2024): 175-189.
Kragting, Marleen, Freya Augusteijn, Alice Bosma, Nieke Elbers, dan Antony Pemberton. “Victim Impact Statements in the Courtroom: Agency and Communion in Communication with Victims.” International Review of Victimology, OnlineFirst (2025). DOI: 10.1177/02697580251389013.
Laxminarayan, Malini, Mark Bosmans, Robert Porter, dan Lorena Sosa. “Victim Satisfaction with Criminal Justice: A Systematic Review.” Victims & Offenders Vol. 8, No. 2 (2013): 119-147.
Lens, Kim M.E., Antony Pemberton, dan Stefan Bogaerts. “Heterogeneity in Victim Participation: A New Perspective on Delivering a Victim Impact Statement.” European Journal of Criminology Vol. 10, No. 4 (2013): 479-495.
Lens, Kim M.E., Antony Pemberton, Karen Brans, Johan Braeken, Stefan Bogaerts, dan Esmah Lahlah. “Delivering a Victim Impact Statement: Emotionally Effective or Counter-Productive?” European Journal of Criminology Vol. 12, No. 1 (2015): 17-34.
Mastrocinque, Jeanna M. “Victim Personal Statements: An Analysis of Notification and Utilization.” Criminology & Criminal Justice Vol. 14, No. 2 (2014): 216-234.
Pemberton, Antony, Pauline G.M. Aarten, dan Eva Mulder. “Beyond Retribution, Restoration and Procedural Justice: The Big Two of Communion and Agency in Victims’ Perspectives on Justice.” Psychology, Crime & Law Vol. 23, No. 7 (2017): 682-698.
Ramadianto, Anang Riyan, Milda Istiqomah, dan Nurini Aprilianda. “Victim Impact Statement as a Model of Victim-Centered Justice.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 32, No. 2 (2025): 337-360.
Roberts, Julian V., dan Edna Erez. “Communication in Sentencing: Exploring the Expressive Function of Victim Impact Statements.” International Review of Victimology Vol. 10, No. 3 (2004): 223-244.
Susetyo, Heru. “Pemenuhan dan Perlindungan Hak-Hak Prosedural Korban Terorisme atas Victim Impact Statements dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana.” The Southeast Asian Journal of Victimology Vol. 3, No. 1 (2024): 90-108.
Walklate, Sandra, JaneMaree Maher, Jude McCulloch, Kate Fitz-Gibbon, dan Kara Beavis. “Victim Stories and Victim Policy: Is There a Case for a Narrative Victimology?” Crime, Media, Culture Vol. 15, No. 2 (2019): 199-215.
Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2025 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana.
Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia. Putusan Nomor 5642 K/Pid.Sus/2022.
United Nations. Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. A/RES/40/34. New York: United Nations, 1985.